在 Openwrt 系统中部署 Tailscale，没有 luci 的情况下，防火墙的正确配置方法？

2023-12-08 14:49:46 +08:00
 HOMO114514

特殊情况说明：这个 Openwrt 操作系统实际上是一个服务器，或者 NAS ，并没有 LAN ，也没有路由功能

我在系统里部署了 Tailscale ，然后发现同样的 LAN 环境里，我的 PC 电脑能够很高成功率地建立 P2P 连接，但是面向纯 IPV4 的时候 NAS 的打洞失败概率很大，可以说基本上打不通，被迫走直连。所以肯定是防火墙或者什么地方出了问题。

在 V2EX 上搜了一下有人有类似的问题，不过他的路由器是标准 OpenWrt ，照着教程过就行了。我这个垃圾 NAS 碰巧用的是 Openwrt 系统，没有 luci ，只能靠 uci 手动编辑防火墙规则，但是尝试了一下发现好像穿透能力并没有什么改善，怀疑是防火墙规则没写对

OpenWrt 官方的教程：

Create a new unmanaged interface via LuCI: Network → Interfaces → Add new interface

  • Name: tailscale
  • Protocol: Unmanaged
  • Device: tailscale0

Create a new firewall zone via LuCI: Network → Firewall → Zones → Add

  • Name: tailscale
  • Input: ACCEPT (default)
  • Output: ACCEPT (default)
  • Forward: ACCEPT
  • Masquerading: on
  • MSS Clamping: on
  • Covered networks: tailscale
  • Allow forward to destination zones: Select your LAN (and/or other internal zones or WAN if you plan on using this device as an exit node)
  • Allow forward from source zones: Select your LAN (and/or other internal zones or leave it blank if you do not want to route LAN traffic to other tailscale hosts)

Click Save & Apply

本机的相关环境，原厂 network：

network.loopback=interface
network.loopback.device='lo'
network.loopback.proto='static'
network.loopback.ipaddr='127.0.0.1'
network.loopback.netmask='255.0.0.0'
network.globals=globals
network.globals.ula_prefix='fdb3:5d24:4bbe::/48'
network.wan1=interface
network.wan1.ifname='eth0'
network.wan1.proto='dhcp'
network.wan2=interface
network.wan2.ifname='eth1'
network.wan2.proto='dhcp'
network.wan26=interface
network.wan26.proto='dhcpv6'
network.wan26.device='@wan2'
network.wan26.disabled='1'
network.wan16=interface
network.wan16.proto='dhcpv6'
network.wan16.device='@wan1'
network.wan16.disabled='0'

原厂 zone 和 forwarding：

firewall.@defaults[0]=defaults
firewall.@defaults[0].syn_flood='1'
firewall.@defaults[0].input='ACCEPT'
firewall.@defaults[0].output='ACCEPT'
firewall.@defaults[0].forward='REJECT'
firewall.@zone[0]=zone
firewall.@zone[0].name='lan'
firewall.@zone[0].network='lan'
firewall.@zone[0].input='ACCEPT'
firewall.@zone[0].output='ACCEPT'
firewall.@zone[0].forward='ACCEPT'
firewall.@zone[1]=zone
firewall.@zone[1].name='wan'
firewall.@zone[1].network='wan' 'wan6'
firewall.@zone[1].input='ACCEPT'
firewall.@zone[1].output='ACCEPT'
firewall.@zone[1].forward='REJECT'
firewall.@zone[1].masq='1'
firewall.@zone[1].mtu_fix='1'
firewall.@forwarding[0]=forwarding
firewall.@forwarding[0].src='lan'
firewall.@forwarding[0].dest='wan'

原厂 rules：

firewall.@rule[0]=rule
firewall.@rule[0].name='Allow-DHCP-Renew'
firewall.@rule[0].src='wan'
firewall.@rule[0].proto='udp'
firewall.@rule[0].dest_port='68'
firewall.@rule[0].target='ACCEPT'
firewall.@rule[0].family='ipv4'
firewall.@rule[1]=rule
firewall.@rule[1].name='Allow-Ping'
firewall.@rule[1].src='wan'
firewall.@rule[1].proto='icmp'
firewall.@rule[1].icmp_type='echo-request'
firewall.@rule[1].family='ipv4'
firewall.@rule[1].target='ACCEPT'
firewall.@rule[2]=rule
firewall.@rule[2].name='Allow-IGMP'
firewall.@rule[2].src='wan'
firewall.@rule[2].proto='igmp'
firewall.@rule[2].family='ipv4'
firewall.@rule[2].target='ACCEPT'
firewall.@rule[3]=rule
firewall.@rule[3].name='Allow-DHCPv6'
firewall.@rule[3].src='wan'
firewall.@rule[3].proto='udp'
firewall.@rule[3].dest_port='546'
firewall.@rule[3].family='ipv6'
firewall.@rule[3].target='ACCEPT'
firewall.@rule[4]=rule
firewall.@rule[4].name='Allow-MLD'
firewall.@rule[4].src='wan'
firewall.@rule[4].proto='icmp'
firewall.@rule[4].src_ip='fe80::/10'
firewall.@rule[4].icmp_type='130/0' '131/0' '132/0' '143/0'
firewall.@rule[4].family='ipv6'
firewall.@rule[4].target='ACCEPT'
firewall.@rule[5]=rule
firewall.@rule[5].name='Allow-ICMPv6-Input'
firewall.@rule[5].src='wan'
firewall.@rule[5].proto='icmp'
firewall.@rule[5].icmp_type='echo-request' 'echo-reply' 'destination-unreachable' 'packet-too-big' 'time-exceeded' 'bad-header' 'unknown-header-type' 'router-solicitation' 'neighbour-solicitation' 'router-advertisement' 'neighbour-advertisement'
firewall.@rule[5].limit='1000/sec'
firewall.@rule[5].family='ipv6'
firewall.@rule[5].target='ACCEPT'
firewall.@rule[6]=rule
firewall.@rule[6].name='Allow-ICMPv6-Forward'
firewall.@rule[6].src='wan'
firewall.@rule[6].dest='*'
firewall.@rule[6].proto='icmp'
firewall.@rule[6].icmp_type='echo-request' 'echo-reply' 'destination-unreachable' 'packet-too-big' 'time-exceeded' 'bad-header' 'unknown-header-type'
firewall.@rule[6].limit='1000/sec'
firewall.@rule[6].family='ipv6'
firewall.@rule[6].target='ACCEPT'
firewall.@rule[7]=rule
firewall.@rule[7].name='Allow-IPSec-ESP'
firewall.@rule[7].src='wan'
firewall.@rule[7].dest='lan'
firewall.@rule[7].proto='esp'
firewall.@rule[7].target='ACCEPT'
firewall.@rule[8]=rule
firewall.@rule[8].name='Allow-ISAKMP'
firewall.@rule[8].src='wan'
firewall.@rule[8].dest='lan'
firewall.@rule[8].dest_port='500'
firewall.@rule[8].proto='udp'
firewall.@rule[8].target='ACCEPT'
firewall.@rule[9]=rule
firewall.@rule[9].name='Support-UDP-Traceroute'
firewall.@rule[9].src='wan'
firewall.@rule[9].dest_port='33434:33689'
firewall.@rule[9].proto='udp'
firewall.@rule[9].family='ipv4'
firewall.@rule[9].target='REJECT'
firewall.@rule[9].enabled='false'

/config/network的配置信息：

config interface 'loopback'
        option device 'lo'
        option proto 'static'
        option ipaddr '127.0.0.1'
        option netmask '255.0.0.0'

config globals 'globals'
        option ula_prefix 'fdb3:5d24:4bbe::/48'

config interface 'wan1'
        option ifname 'eth0'
        option proto 'dhcp'

config interface 'wan2'
        option ifname 'eth1'
        option proto 'dhcp'

config interface 'wan26'
        option proto 'dhcpv6'
        option device '@wan2'
        option disabled '1'

config interface 'wan16'
        option proto 'dhcpv6'
        option device '@wan1'
        option disabled '0'

ifconfig：

eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 98:6E:E8:28:CD:13  
          inet addr:192.168.1.20  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: 240e:3b5:34e1:edd0::20/128 Scope:Global
          inet6 addr: 240e:3b5:34e1:edd0:9a6e:e8ff:fe28:cd13/64 Scope:Global
          inet6 addr: fe80::9a6e:e8ff:fe28:cd13/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:9108961 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:19775610 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:1086087055 (1.0 GiB)  TX bytes:24185129426 (22.5 GiB)
          Memory:7fe00000-7fefffff 

eth1      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 98:6E:E8:28:CD:14  
          UP BROADCAST MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
          Memory:7fc00000-7fcfffff 

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
          RX packets:336526 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:336526 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:35845496 (34.1 MiB)  TX bytes:35845496 (34.1 MiB)

tailscale0 Link encap:UNSPEC  HWaddr 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00  
          inet addr:100.64.32.34  P-t-P:100.64.32.34  Mask:255.255.255.255
          inet6 addr: fe80::5f8b:6f05:140c:eaa7/64 Scope:Link
          inet6 addr: fd7a:115c:a1e0::22/128 Scope:Global
          UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MULTICAST  MTU:1280  Metric:1
          RX packets:1255346 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:1060667 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:500 
          RX bytes:70650430 (67.3 MiB)  TX bytes:4456946163 (4.1 GiB)

我尝试添加的规则：

uci add network interface
uci set network.@interface[-1].name='tailscale'
uci set network.@interface[-1].proto='unmanaged'
uci set network.@interface[-1].ifname='tailscale0'
uci commit network

uci add firewall zone
uci set firewall.@zone[-1].name='tailscale'
uci set firewall.@zone[-1].input='ACCEPT'
uci set firewall.@zone[-1].output='ACCEPT'
uci set firewall.@zone[-1].forward='ACCEPT'
uci set firewall.@zone[-1].network='tailscale'
uci commit firewall

uci add firewall forwarding
uci set firewall.@forwarding[-1].src='tailscale'
uci set firewall.@forwarding[-1].dest='lan'
uci commit firewall

uci add firewall forwarding
uci set firewall.@forwarding[-1].src='tailscale'
uci set firewall.@forwarding[-1].dest='wan'
uci commit firewall

/etc/init.d/firewall restart

重启防火墙时发现有类似的 warning：

Warning: Unable to locate ipset utility, disabling ipset support
Warning: Section @zone[0] (lan) cannot resolve device of network 'lan'
Warning: Section @zone[1] (wan) cannot resolve device of network 'wan'
Warning: Section @zone[1] (wan) cannot resolve device of network 'wan6'
Warning: Section @zone[2] (tailscale) cannot resolve device of network 'tailscale'
Warning: Section @zone[0] (lan) has no device, network, subnet or extra options
Warning: Section @zone[1] (wan) has no device, network, subnet or extra options
Warning: Section @zone[2] (tailscale) has no device, network, subnet or extra options

感觉还是没配置对，有什么头绪吗？

1184 次点击
所在节点    OpenWrt
6 条回复
sy1989
2023-12-08 14:59:54 +08:00
可以装个 luci
HOMO114514
2023-12-08 16:23:12 +08:00
@sy1989 这个定制的 openwrt 编译的时候把通用库 glibc 去掉了，导致通过正常 opkg 渠道安装的 executable 全都无法运行，所以应该没办法靠安装一个 luci 解决问题
sy1989
2023-12-08 17:24:54 +08:00
打洞没研究过。不过你机器的网络接口名字不是 lan wan 和 wan6
ysc3839
2023-12-08 17:48:32 +08:00
@chowdpa02k413 OpenWrt 本来就不依赖 glibc ，用的是 musl libc 。无法运行大概是 libc 版本不对，你得找相同版本的环境进行编译。
HOMO114514
2023-12-08 18:28:48 +08:00
@ysc3839 固件闭源私有编译，已经无解了🥲
ysc3839
2023-12-08 18:40:27 +08:00
@chowdpa02k413 不需要有固件源代码，只要相关依赖库版本一致一般就没问题的

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